Burid dynasty

 ( Medieval Damascus ) 

The Burid dynasty (Arabic: الدولة البورية Romanized: ad-Dawlā al-Būriyā) or the Emirate of Damascus (Arabic: إمارة دمشق Romanized: Imarat Dimashq) was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of origin which ruled over the Emirate of Damascus in the early 12th century, as subjects of the Seljuk Empire.

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History The first Burid ruler, Toghtekin,D.S. Richards, The Chronicle of Ibn Al-Athir for the Crusading Period from Al-Kamil Fi'l-ta-Ta'rikh, (Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2010), 16. began as a servant to the Seljuk Turks ruler of Damascus, Duqaq. Following Duqaq's death in 1104, he seized the city for himself.

The dynasty was named after Toghtekin's son, Taj al-Muluk Buri. The Burids gained recognition from the Abbasid caliph in return for considerable gifts. In return, the caliphate did not interfere in the emirate. Burids, R. LeTourneau, The Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. I, ed. H.A.R. Gibb, J.H. Kramers, É. Lévi-Provençal and Joseph Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 1332.

The Burids ruled the city until 1154, when it was taken by the ruler of Aleppo, Nur ed-Din, founder of the Zengid dynasty. Medieval Islamic Civilization: L-Z, Ed. Josef W. Meri, Jere L. Bacharach, (Taylor & Francis, 2006), 568.

The Burids lost to the Crusaders in the battle of Marj al-Saffar (1126) but were able to prevent the Second Crusade from capturing Damascus.

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Burid emirs of Damascus

Amir Saif-ul-Islam	Toghtekin	1104–1128
Amir	Taj al-Muluk Buri	1128–1132
Amir	Shams al-Mulk Isma'il	1132–1135
Amir	Shihab al-Din Mahmud	1135–1139
Amir	Jamal al-Din Muhammad	1139–1140
Amir	Mu'in al-Din Unur	1140–1149 Regent
Amir Mujir-ud-din	Abu Saʿid Ābaq	1140–1154
Zengid dynasty replaces the Burid dynasty.

• Green shaded row signifies regency of Mu'in ad-Din Unur.

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Family Tree

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See also

• List of Sunni Muslim dynasties

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